Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies

Transliteration guide

There is as yet no universally readable system for representing diacritical marks on web pages and no standard HTML codes for some of the characters. We have therefore used the following system for representing them:

(1) dhal , ghain , kha , shin and tha are represented by dh , gh , kh , sh and th respectively.

(2) letters which would normally have a dot under them in transliteration are shown as letter /.
Thus, dad , ha , sad , ta and za are represented as  d/.  h/.  s/.  t/. and   z/. respectively.

(3) Similarly, long vowels are shown as a/‹ i/‹ and u/‹.

There is as yet no universally readable system for representing diacritical marks on web pages and no standard HTML codes for some of the characters. We have therefore devised the following system for representing them:

These are summarised in the following table:

ARABIC	LETTER	TRANSLITERATION
	dhal	dh
	ghain	gh
	kha	kh
	shin	sh
	tha	th
	dad	d/.
	ha	h/.
	sad	s/.
	ta	t/.
	za	z/.
LONG VOWELS		a/‹
LONG VOWELS		i/‹
LONG VOWELS		u/‹

© Seminar for Arabian Studies 2002.

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